![]() Robert Todd Carroll |
selective thinking, ¼±ÅÃÀû »ç°í¼±ÅÃÀû »ç°í´Â, ¾î¶² »ç¶÷ÀÌ ±â¾ïÇϰųª °ü½ÉÀ» °®´Â °Í¿¡ À¯¸®ÇÑ Áõ°Å¸¦ ¼±È£ÇÏ´Â ÇÑÆí, ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ »ý°¢¿¡ ºÒ¸®ÇÑ Áõ°Å´Â ¹«½ÃÇÏ·Á´Â °úÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑÁ¾·ùÀÇ »ç°í¾ç½ÄÀº, À̸¥¹Ù µ¶½É¼ú°ú °°Àº Ãʴɷ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ½Å³äÀÇ ±âÃʰ¡ µÈ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº ¿ÀÄÃÆ® ¹× »çÀ̺ñ°úÇÐ ½Å³äÀÇ °ÅÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀº ¾Æ´ÒÁö¶óµµ »ó´çÈ÷ ¸¹Àº ±âÃʸ¦ Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù. Á¦ÀÓ½º ·£µð´Â, ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº »ç·Ê¸¦ Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù. ÇÇÅÍ ÇãÄÚ½º(Peter Hurkos)´Â, »ý¸éºÎÁöÀÇ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ÁýÀ̳ª »ýȰÀ», ¸¶Ä¡ º¸°í ¿Ô¾ú´ø °Íó·³ »ó¼¼È÷ ¹¦»çÇÒ ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ¸¸³ª´Â »ç¶÷µéÀ» ³î¶ó°Ô Çß´Ù. ÇãÄÚ½º¿¡°Ô ¸¶À½À» ÀÐÈ÷°í ¹¦»çÀÇ Á¤È®¼º¿¡ ³î·¨´ø µÎ »ç¶÷ÀÌ, ¶õµð¿¡°Ô ÃÊ´ë¹Þ°í µ¶½É¼úÀ» ³ìÈÇÑ ºñµð¿À¸¦ º¸¾Ò´Ù. "½ÇÁ¦·Î ¼¼¾îº» °á°ú ÃÊ´É·ÂÀ¸·Î ÀÎÁ¤µÉ ¸¸ÇÑ ´äº¯À» ÇÑ °ÍÀº Æò±Õ Áú¹® 14 Áß¿¡ 1°³ »ÓÀ̾ú´Ù. ¼±ÅÃÀû »ç°í ¶§¹®¿¡ ±×µéÀº ¸í¹éÇÑ ¿À´äÀ̳ª ºÐ¸íÈ÷ Ʋ¸° Ã߷п¡ ´ëÇØ¼´Â ±â¾ïÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ°í ¿Ã¹Ù¸£°Ô ¸ÂÃá °Í¸¸ ±â¾ïÀ» Çß´Ù. ±×µéÀº ÇãÄÚ½º°¡ ÁøÂ¥ ÃÊ´É·ÂÀÚÀ̾úÀ¸¸é ÇÏ°í ¹Ù·¨±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ½ÇÇèÀÇ °á°ú¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸Çϰí, ¾ÆÁ÷±îÁö ÀÌ »ç±â²ÛÀÇ ¿·ÄÇÑ ÆÒÀÌ´Ù'' (Flim-Flam! 7). ¼±ÅÃÀû »ç°í´Â, ¼Ò¸ÁÀû »ç°í¿Í´Â µ¶¸³ÀûÀÎ °ÍÀ̸ç, ¾î¶² »ç¶÷ÀÌ ÀÚ±â°ú ¹Ý´ëÀÇ ÀڷḦ ½É°¢ÇÏ°Ô ´Ù·ç¸é¼ ±× ÀÚ·á¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼ Á» ´õ ºñÆòÀûÀ̰í Àڱ⿡ À¯¸®ÇÑ ÀÚ·á¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼´Â ´ú ºñÆòÀûÀÎ »ý°¢À» ÇÏ´Â ÆíÇâÈ®Áõ(biased thinking)°úµµ ´Ù¸¥ °ÍÀÓÀ» ¸í½ÉÇØ¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. °ü·ÃµÈ Ç׸ñ : ad hoc hypothesis, cold reading, communal reinforcement, confirmation bias, control study, Occam's razor, the placebo effect, the post hoc fallacy, self-deception, subjective validation, testimonials and wishful thinking. Àбâ ÀÚ·á Gilovich, Thomas. How We Know What Isn't' So: The Fallibility of Human Reason in Everyday Life (New York: The Free Press, 1993). Randi, James. Flim-Flam! (Buffalo, New York: Prometheus Books,1982). |
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1998 Robert Todd Carroll |
self-deception |
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