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Robert Todd Carroll

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New A groundbreaking experiment ... or a sensationalized TV stunt? 3/25/06

Acupuncture does combat pain, study finds, by Steve Connor, Science Editor The Independent 21 January 2006

 Fake acupuncture 'aids migraines'

Effectiveness of Acupuncture as Adjunctive Therapy in Osteoarthritis of the Knee A Randomized, Controlled Trial

Study Examines Acupuncture's Effect On Stroke Victims Patients Report Less Pain, Greater Movement

 

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accupuncture, ħ¼ú

 

....±×µéÀÌ Ä¡¾Æ¸¦ »ÌÀ» ¶§, ±×µéÀÌ ¿øÇÏ´Â ¹Ù´Ã(ħ)Àº ±¹¼Ò¸¶ÃëÁ¦°¡ µé¾îÀÖ´Â ÁÖ»ç±â ¹Ù´Ã»ÓÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Àå´ãÇÑ´Ù. --Cecil Adams

Ç÷¾×ÀÌ ¼øÈ¯ÇѴٰųª, ȤÀº ¹Ì»ý¹°ÀÌ Áúº´À» ÀÏÀ¸Å²´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë±â ¼öõ³â Àü¿¡ °³±¸¸® Á¶Â÷µµ ÇØºÎÇØº¸Áö ¾Ê¾Ò´ø ÀÇ»çµéÀº 12 °æ¶ôÀ» µû¶ó¼­ ÀûÀýÇÏ°Ô Ä§À» Â¸é À½¾çÀÌ ±ÕÇüÀ» ÀÌ·ê ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇß´Ù... °úÇÐÀÚµéÀº ħÀÌ ¿£µ¹ÇÉÀ» ¹æÃâÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ÀÚ±ØÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í Á¦¾ÈÇß´Ù. Àß¶óÆä³ë °íÃß(¿ªÁÖ ; ¸ß½ÃÄÚ¿ø»êÁöÀÇ °íÃßÀÇ ÀÏÁ¾)µµ °°Àº ÀÏÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¸´Ù¸é À̰ÍÀº ħÀ» ¾îµð¿¡ Â´Â °ÍÀÇ ¹®Á¦°¡ ¾Æ´Ò °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¸´Ù¸é µµ´ëü ´©°¡ ħ¼ú»ç°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇϰڴ°¡? --Bob Park

<¿ªÁÖ : ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µéÀÌ È¸ÀÇÁÖÀÇÀÚÀÇ »çÀü¿¡¼­ °¡Àå ¸ÕÀú ÀÌ ±ÛÀ» Àдµ¥, »ç½Ç ÀÌ ±Û¿¡ ³ª¿À´Â ¿ë¾î´Â ±×´ÙÁö ½±Áö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ¸¸¾à ȸÀÇÁÖÀÇ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±ÛÀ» ÀüÇô ÀÐÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù¸é °ü·Ã Ç׸ñÀ» Àоî¾ß¸¸ Á¦´ë·Î ÀÌÇØÇÏ½Ç °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.>

ħ¼úÀº  Ä§À» ½ÅüÀÇ Æ¯Á¤ÇÑ °÷¿¡ ³õ¾Æ¼­, ¼­·Î ¹Ý´ë ÈûÀÎ À½¾ç(yin and yang)ÀÇ ±ÕÇüÀ» ¸ÂÃß¾î ¸·Èù ±â(Ѩ,chi)¸¦ Ç®¾îÁÖ±â À§ÇÑ Áß±¹ ÀüÅëÀÇ ÀÇ·á±â¼úÀÌ´Ù.  ±â´Â ¸ðµç »ç¹°ÀÇ ¹ÙÅÁ¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â ¿¡³ÊÁöÀ̸ç, 14°³ÀÇ °æ¶ôÀ» ÅëÇØ¼­, ü³»¿¡ È帥´Ù°í ¹Ï°í ÀÖ´Ù. »ç¶÷Àº, À½°ú ¾çÀÌ Á¶È­¸¦ ÀÌ·ç°í ÀÖ°í, ±â°¡ ü³»¸¦ ÀÚÀ¯·Ó°Ô È带 ¶§ °Ç°­ÇÏ´Ù. ¾ÆÇÁ°Å³ª º´¿¡ °É·ÈÀ»¶§ ¶Ç´Â »óó¸¦ ÀÔ¾úÀ»¶§ °æ¶ôÀ» È帣´Â ±â°¡ ¸·È÷°Ô µÈ´Ù°í ¹Ï°í ÀÖ´Ù. Áß±¹ÀÇ ÀüÅëÀÇÇÐÀº ƯÁ¤ÇÑ È¿°ú¸¦ º¸±â À§Çؼ­, ħÀ» ³õ´Â À§Ä¡ÀΠħÁ¡À» ¾à 500°³ Á¤µµ ¹àÇô ³õ¾Ò´Ù.

ħ¼úÀº ¾à 2õ³â ÀÌ»ó (ÀϺΠ»ç¶÷µéÀº 4õ³âÁ¤µµ¶ó°í ÁÖÀåÇÏÁö¸¸) ½Ã¼úµÇ¾î ¿Ô´Ù. ¿À´Ã³¯, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Ä§Àº µ¹¸®°Å³ª, ¿­À»°¡Çϰųª, ¾àÇÑ Àü·ù, ÃÊÀ½ÆÄ, ȤÀº ƯÁ¤ÇÑ ÆÄÀåÀÇ ºûÀ¸·Î ÀÚ±ØÀ» Çϱ⵵ ÇÑ´Ù. ħÀ» ¾î¶»°Ô ³õ´ø°£¿¡, ħ¼úÀ̳ª, ȤÀº ±× ´Ù¸¥ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î ±â¸¦ ¶Õ¾îÁØ´Ù ÇÏ¿©µµ ±× ¾î¶² Áúº´¿¡¼­µµ È¿°ú°¡ Áõ¸íµÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.  ±â´Â °æÇèÀûÀÎ °úÇÐÀÇ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î´Â °ËÁöÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î Á¤ÀǵȴÙ.

ÀüÅëÀûÀΠħ¼úÀÇ ÇÑ º¯ÇüÀº ÀÌħ(auriculotherapy ¶Ç´Â ear acupuncture, ì¼öÝ)ÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ±Í°¡ ½Åü Àå±âÀÇ Ãà¼ÒÆÇ°ú °°´Ù´Â ±Ù°Å ¾ø´Â ¹ÏÀ½¿¡ ±âÃÊÇÑ Áø´Ü°ú Ä¡·á¹æ¹ýÀÌ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î °£°ú °°Àº Àå±â¿¡ ¹®Á¦°¡ ÀÖ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÏ¸é °£¿¡ °ü·ÃµÈ ±ÍÀÇ Æ¯Á¤ ºÎºÐ¿¡ ħÀ» ³õ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ¿Í ºñ½ÁÇϰÔ, ½ÅüÀÇ ÀϺΰ¡ Àü½ÅÀÇ °Ç°­À» ¹Ý¿µÇÑ´Ù´Â °³³ä¿¡´Â, ȫäÁø´Ü¹ý (ȫü°¡ ½ÅüÀÇ Ãà¼ÒÆÇ, iridologists) ¶Ç´Â ¹ß¹Ý»ç¿ä¹ý(¹ßÀÌ Àü½ÅÀÇ Ãà¼ÒÆÇ, reflexologists) µîÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. (¿ªÁÖ : ¼öÁöħµµ °°Àº °³³äÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ) ÀÌħÀÇ º¯ÇüµÈ °ÍÀ¸·Î´Â ½ºÅÂÇàħ(staplefuncture)°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ±ÍÀÇ Æ¯Á¤ ºÎÀ§¿¡ ½ºÅ×ÀÌÇÃÀ» ÂïÀ¸¸ç, ±Ý¿¬¿¡ µµ¿òÀÌ µÇ´Â °Í°ú °°Àº ³î¶ó¿î È¿°ú¸¦ ±â´ëÇÑ´Ù. 

ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ Áß±¹ÀÇÇÐÀº Çö´ëÀÇ »ý¸®ÇÐ, »ýÈ­ÇÐ, ¿µ¾çÇÐ, ÇØºÎÇÐ, ¶Ç´Â ±âŸ ¾î¶°ÇÑ ¾Ë·ÁÁø Ä¡·á ±âÀÛ¿¡ ±Ù°ÅÇϰí ÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ À̰ÍÀº ¼¼Æ÷ È­ÇÐ, Ç÷¾×¼øÈ¯, ½Å°æ ±â´É, ¶Ç´Â È£¸£¸óÀÇ Á¸Àç ȤÀº ´Ù¸¥ »ýÈ­ÇÐÀûÀÎ ¹°Áú¿¡ ±âÃÊÇÏÁöµµ ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ Áß±¹ÀÇÇп¡¼­ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â °æ¶ô°ú »ç¶÷ÀÇ ½ÅüÀÇ Àå±â³ª ½Å°æÀÇ ¹èÄ¡µµ ÀüÇô »ó°üÀÌ ¾ø´Ù. "ÀÇ·á »ç±â¿¡ ´ëÇ×ÇÏ´Â Àü¹Ì À§¿øÈ­(The National Council Against Health Fraud, NCAHF)´Â Áß±¹ÀÇÇÐÇùȸ¿¡¼­ ¹ß°£ÇÏ´Â 46Á¾ÀÇ ÀÇÇÐ Àú³ÎÁß¿¡¼­ ¾î´À Çϳªµµ ħ¼ú ȤÀº ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ ÁßÀÇÇÐ Ä¡·á¹ý¿¡ °üÇÑ °ÍÀº Çϳªµµ ¾ø´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÁöÀûÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·³¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í ¹Ì±¹¿¡¼­´Â ¾à õ¸¸¸í¿¡¼­ õ ¿À¹é¸¸¸íÀÌ ¸Å³â ¾à 5¾ï ´Þ·¯¸¦ ¿¡ÀÌÁî, ¾Ë·¯Áö, õ½Ä, °üÀý¿°, ¹æ±¤°ú ½ÅÀåÁúȯ, ±â°üÁö¿°, º¯ºñ, ¿ì¿ïÁõ, ¼³»ç, °¨±â, À°Ã¼ÇÇ·Î, µ¶°¨, ºÎÀκ´, °íÇ÷¾Ð, ÆíµÎÅë, ¸¶ºñ, ¿ù°æÀü ÁõÈıº, Á°ñ½Å°æÅë, ¼º±â´É Àå¾Ö, Èí¿¬, ½ºÆ®·¹½º, ³úÁ¹Áß, °Ç¿° ±×¸®°í ¾È°ú °ü·Ã Áúº´¿¡ »ç¿ëÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù.

ħ¼ú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °æÇèÀûÀÎ ¿¬±¸´Â ¾ÆÁ÷ °ÉÀ½¸¶ ´Ü°èÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¿¬±¸´Â ÇüÀÌ»óÇп¡ ±Ù°ÅÇÑ °³³ä(¿¹¸¦ µé¾î °æ¶ôÀ» µû¶ó¼­ ±â¸¦ Ç®¾îÁÖ´Â °Í)À» ¹«½ÃÇϰí ħÀ» ÀüÅëÀû(ȤÀº ºñÀüÅëÀû)À¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁø ħÁ¡¿¡ Â´Â °Í°ú ½Åü¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â È¿°ú »çÀÌÀÇ Àΰú °ü°è¸¦ ãÀ¸·Á°í ÇÑ´Ù. ¼³»ç ±×·¸±â´Â ÇÏÁö¸¸, ¸¹Àº ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ ÀÇ»çµéÀ̳ª º´¿øÀº ħ¼úÀ» "º¸¿Ï"¿ä¹ýÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. (¿ªÁÖ: º¸¿Ï¿ä¹ýÀº Ä¡·á¸¦ º¸¿ÏÇÑ´Ù´Â Àǹ̰¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ´ëü¿ä¹ýÀÇ ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ À̸§ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.) UCLA Àǰú´ëÇÐÀº ¹Ì±¹³»¿¡¼­ ÀÚ°ÝÁõÀ» °¡Áø ³»°úÀǻ縦 À§ÇÑ °¡Àå Å« ħ¼ú ±³À°°úÁ¤ÁßÀÇ Çϳª¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù. 200½Ã°£ÀÇ ±³À°°úÁ¤À¸·Î Àϳ⿡ ¾à 600¸íÀÇ ³»°úÀǻ縦 °¡¸£Ä¡°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¹Ì±¹ ħ¼úÀÇÇÐ ¾ÆÄ«µ¥¹Ì(American Academy of Medical Acupuncture)¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¸é ¾à 4,000¸íÀÇ ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ³»°úÀÇ»çµéÀÌ Ä§¼úÈÆ·ÃÀ» ¹Þ´Â´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù.

1996³â 3¿ù ¹Ì±¹ FDA(½ÄǰÀǾ౹)´Â ħÀ» ÈÆ·ÃµÈ Àü¹®°¡°¡ ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÀÇ·á ±â±â·Î ºÐ·ùÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±× Àü±îÁö´Â ħ¼ú¿¡ »ç¿ëÇϴ ħÀº Class III¿¡ ºÐ·ùµÇ¾î ÀÖ¾ú°í À̴ ħÀÌ ¾ÈÀü¼º°ú À¯È¿¼ºÀÌ ¸Å¿ì ºÒ¸íÈ®ÇÏ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÀǹÌÇϹǷΠ¿ÀÁ÷ Çã°¡µÈ ¿¬±¸°èȹ¿¡¼­¸¸ »ç¿ëµÇµµ·Ï Á¦ÇѵǾî ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ, ħÀÌ "½ÇÇèÀû"¿ëµµ·Î¸¸ ¾²À̵µ·Ï ±ÔÁ¤µÇ¾ú±â ¶§¹®¿¡ '¸ÞµðÄɾî(Medicare)'³ª '¸Þµñ¿¡À̵å(Medicaid)'¿Í °°Àº ¸¹Àº º¸Çèȸ»ç¿¡¼­´Â ħ¼úÀ» º¸ÇèÀÇ ¹üÀ§¿¡ Æ÷ÇÔ½ÃŰÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ »õ·Î¿î ºÐ·ù´Â ħ¼úÀÇ ½Ã¼úÀ̳ª ħÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ´Â ¿¬±¸°¡ ´õ¿í ¸¹¾ÆÁø´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ º¸Çèȸ»ç¿¡¼­´Â ´Ù¾çÇÑ Áúº´¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­ ÇàÇØÁö´Â ¾µ¸ð¾ø°Å³ª, ȤÀº ¸Å¿ì È¿°ú°¡ ÀǽɵǴ ħ¼ú Ä¡·á¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­µµ º¸Çè±ÝÀ» Áö±ÞÀ» ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. ¸Þ¸±·£µå º£µ¥½º´Ù¿¡ ÀÖ´Â  ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ º¸°Ç¿ø(NIH)ÀÇ ´ëüÀÇÇб¹ÀÇ ±¹ÀåÀÎ '¿þÀÎ Á¶³ª½º(Wayne B.Jonas)'´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Ä§ÀÇ ÀçºÐ·ù´Â "¸Å¿ì Çö¸íÇÏ°í ³í¸®ÀûÀÎ °áÁ¤"À̶ó°í ¸»Çß´Ù. ´ëüÀÇÇнÇÀº ħ¼úÀÇ È¿°ú°°Àº »õ·Î¿î ¿¬±¸¸¦ ÀüÆøÀûÀ¸·Î Áö¿øÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. (ÀÌ ¸»Àº Áï, ¾öû³­ ¼¼±ÝÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ·Á°í ÇÑ´Ù´Â ÀǹÌÀÌ´Ù.)

ħ¼ú ¿ËÈ£ÀÚµéÀÌ ÀÚÁÖ ÇÏ´Â º¯¸íÀº ½Ç¿ëÁÖÀÇÀÇ ¿À·ù¸¦ ¹üÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. "ħ¼úÀº È¿°ú°¡ ÀÖ´Ù!"¶ó°í ¸»Çϴµ¥, µµ´ëü À̰ÍÀº ¹«½¼ ÀǹÌÀΰ¡? À̰ÍÀÌ Ä§À» ¾î¶² »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¸ö¿¡ Â´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¸·Èù ±â°¡ ¶Õ¸°´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÀǹÌÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡ À̰ÍÀº ¾î¶² »ç¶÷ÀÇ ÀÇÇÐÀûÀÎ ºÎ´ãÀ» ´ú¾îÁÖ´Â °ÍÀ» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù.

NCAHF´Â ħ¼ú¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­ "°ú°Å 20³âµ¿¾È ¿¬±¸´Â ħ¼úÀÌ ¾î¶°ÇÑ Áúº´¿¡¼­µµ È¿°ú°¡ ÀÖÀ½À» Áõ¸íÇϴµ¥ ½ÇÆÐÇß´Ù." "ħ¼úÀÇ È¿°ú´Â ¾Æ¸¶µµ ±â´ë(expectation), ¾Ï½Ã(suggestion), ¹Ý´ëÀÚ±Ø(counter-irritation), Á¶ÀÛÀû Á¶°ÇÈ­, ±×¸®°í ´Ù¸¥ ½É¸®ÀûÀÎ  ±âÀÛµéÀÇ ¼­·Î º¹ÇÕÀ¸·Î »ý±æ °ÍÀÌ´Ù"¶ó´Â Àǰ߼­¸¦ ³»³õ¾Ò´Ù. °£´ÜÈ÷ ¸»Çؼ­ ħ¼úÀÇ À¯È¿ÇÑ È¿°ú¶ó°í ÀÎÁ¤µÇ´Â °ÍµéÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀÌ, ±âºÐ º¯È­, À§¾àÈ¿°ú(placebo effect) ±×¸®°í ȸ±ÍÀû ¿À·ù ¶§¹®ÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. (¿ªÁÖ :  Á¶ÀÛÀû Á¶°ÇÈ­ Operant conditioning´Â ÆÄºí·ÎÇÁÀÇ Á¶°ÇÈ­¿Í´Â ´Þ¸®, ÀÚ¹ßÀûÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ½ºÅ°³Ê°¡ ÁÖ·Î ¿¬±¸ÇÏ¿© ¹ßÀü½ÃÄ×½À´Ï´Ù. »çÀüÀÇ ¹®¸Æ»óÀ¸·Î ħ¼úÀÇ È¿°ú´Â ÇнÀÈ¿°ú¶ó´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. )

´ÜÁö ħ¼úÀ» ½ÃÇàÇÑ ´ÙÀ½¿¡ ÅëÁõÀÌ »ç¶óÁ³´Ù°í ÇØ¼­ ħ¼ú ¶§¹®¿¡ ÅëÁõÀÌ »ç¶óÁø °ÍÀ» ÀǹÌÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ¸¹Àº ¸¸¼ºÀûÀÎ ÅëÁõÀº ¸Å¿ì ¾ÆÆÍ´Ù°¡ ÅëÁõÀÌ »ç¶óÁö°ï ÇÑ´Ù. »ç¶÷µéÀº ÅëÁõÀÌ ¸Å¿ì ½ÉÇÑ °æ¿ì¿¡ ħ¼ú°ú °°Àº ´ëü¿ä¹ýÀ» ã±â ¸¶·ÃÀÌ´Ù. ÀÚ¿¬ÀûÀΠȸ±Í Çö»óÀº ÅëÁõÀÌ ÃÖ°íÁ¶¿¡ ´Ù´Ù¸¥ ´ÙÀ½¿¡´Â ÁÙ¾îµéµµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ Ä§¼úÀ» ÁöÁöÇÏ´Â ¸¹Àº °ÍÀº ¸¸Á·ÇÑ °í°´µéÀÌ ¸»ÇÏ´Â Áõ¾ð ÇüÅÂÀÇ ÀÏÈ­(anecdote)ÀÌ´Ù. ºÒÇàÈ÷µµ, ħ¼ú¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÅëÁõÀ» ÁÙÀÎ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ÀÏÈ­¸¸Å­À̳ª ħ¼ú¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼­ ÅëÁõÀÌ »ç¶óÁöÁö ¾ÊÀº ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ ÀÏÈ­°¡ dzºÎÇÏ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª, ¾î´À ´©±¸µµ ±×·³ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ÀÏÈ­¸¦ ±â¾ïÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù(ÀçÈ®ÀÎ ¼±È£ ÆíÇâ).

¾î¶°ÇÑ ÅëÁõ¿¬±¸µµ Á¦´ë·Î Æò°¡Çϱ⠽±Áö ¾Ê´Ù. ÅëÁõÀÇ Ã´µµ°¡ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ÁÖ°üÀûÀÏ »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ÀüÅëÀûÀΠħ¼ú»ç¿ª½Ã ħ¼úÄ¡·áÈ¿°ú¸¦ °´°üÀûÀÎ ½ÇÇè½Ç¿¡¼­ÀÇ °Ë»ç°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ±×µé ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ °üÂûÀ̳ª ȯÀÚµéÀÇ º¸°í¿¡ ÀÇÁ¸ÇÏ¿©, °ÅÀÇ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ÁÖ°üÀûÀ¸·Î Æò°¡Çϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. °Ô´Ù°¡ ħ¼ú(ȤÀº ±âÄ¡·á, ·¹ÀÌŰ, ȫäÁø´ÜÇÐ, ¸í»ó, ¹Ì³×¶ö º¸Ãæ¿ä¹ýµî) ÀÌ È¿°ú ÀÖ´Ù°í ¸»ÇÏ´Â ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µéÀº »ýȰ¿¡ À־ ¿©·¯ °¡Áö¸¦ ÇÑ ¹ø¿¡ ¹Ù²Ù´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ¸¹À¸¹Ç·Î ´ëÁ¶±º ½ÇÇèÀ» ÅëÇØ¼­ Áß¿äÇÑ Àΰú ¿äÀÎÀ» ºÐ¸®½ÃŰ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾î·Æ´Ù.

¹Ì±¹ÀÇ º¸°Ç¿ø ´ëüÀÇÇб¹¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼­ Áö¿øµÈ ħ¼ú ¿¬±¸ÀÇ ÀϺδ ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ ´ëÁ¶±º ½ÇÇèÀ» ¸ð¹æÇßÀ¸³ª, ¾î¶°ÇÑ ´ëÁ¶±¸ ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­µµ ±â°¡ ¸·È÷°í ȤÀº À½°ú ¾çÀÌ Á¶È­¸¦ ÀÌ·ç°Å³ª ȤÀº ÀÌ·çÁö ¸øÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¹àÇô³»Áö ¸øÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª, ¼º°ø¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °´°üÀûÀÎ ÃøÁ¤À» ÇÏ´Â ´ëÁ¶±¸ ½ÇÇèÀº ¾ó¸¶³ª ¸¹Àº ħ¼úÀÇ ¼º°øÀÌ °ü·ÃÀÚµéÀÇ ÁÖ°üÀûÀÎ Æò°¡¿¡ ºñÇØ¼­ °áÄÚ ³´Áö ¾Ê´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» °áÁ¤ÇØ ÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖÀ»°ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¿¬±¸´Â ¶ÇÇÑ Ä§¼úÀÇ ´Ü±âÀû ȤÀº Àå±âÀûÀÎ ±× ¾î¶°ÇÑ È¿°ú¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­µµ °áÁ¤ÇØÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

¸¶Áö¹ÍÀ¸·Î ħ¼ú¿¡´Â À§ÇèÀÌ µû¸£Áö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. Æó¿Í ¹æ±¤¿¡ ±¸¸ÛÀÌ ³µ´Ù´Â ¸î¸î º¸°í¿Í, ħÀÌ ºÎ·¯Á³´Ù´Â ¸î¸î º¸°í, ¼ö¼ú¿ë ±Ý¼ÓÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ ´Ù¸¥ ¹°ÁúÀ» ÇÔÀ¯Çϰí Àִ ħ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸î¸î ¾Ë·¯Áö ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ º¸°íµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ħÀº ºÐ¸¸¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ÁÖ´Â ºÎ½ÅÇÇÁúÀÚ±Ø È£¸£¸ó°ú ¿Á½ÃÅä½ÅÀ» ºÐºñ¸¦ ÀÚ±ØÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡
ÀӽŠÃʱâÀÇ Å¾ƿ¡ °Ô´Â ¸Å¿ì ÇØ·Î¿ï ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ¼Òµ¶µÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ħÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÑ °¨¿°ÀÇ °¡´É¼ºÀº Ç×»ó Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù*. ±×¸®°í ¸î¸î ȯÀÚ´Â Çö´ëÀÇÇÐÀÇ È¿°úÀûÀÎ Ä¡·á¸¦ ¹ÞÁö ¸øÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù´Â °Í¸¸À¸·Îµµ °íÅëÀ» ¹ÞÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

See also alternative health practice, chicontrol study, faith healing, iridology, placebo effect, reflexology, reiki, therapeutic touch, and yin-yang.


further reading

reader comments

Barrett, Stephen and William T. Jarvis. editors. The Health Robbers: A Close Look at Quackery in America, (Amherst, N.Y.: Prometheus Books, 1993).

Barrett, Stephen and Kurt Butler. editors. A Consumers Guide to Alternative Medicine : A Close Look at Homeopathy, Acupuncture, Faith-Healing, and Other Unconventional Treatments (Buffalo, N.Y. : Prometheus Books, 1992).

Basser, Stephen. (1999). "Acupuncture: A History," The Scientific Review of Alternative Medicine and Aberrant Medical Practices. Spring/Summer. Volume 3, Number 1.

Huston, Peter. "China, Chi, and Chicanery - Examining Traditional Chinese Medicine and Chi Theory," Skeptical Inquirer, Sept/Oct 1995.

Raso, Jack. "Alternative" Healthcare: A Comprehensive Guide (Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 1994).

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ADVERSE OUTCOMES (INCLUDING FATALITIES) from acupuncture: http://www.vet-task-force.com/Medline2.htm

Leg Med (Tokyo). 2003 Sep;5(3):170-4. An autopsy case of bilateral tension pneumothorax after acupuncture. Iwadate K, Ito H, Katsumura S, Matsuyama N, Sato K, Yonemura I, Ito, Y.

J Korean Med Sci. 2003 Oct;18(5):756-7. Retroperitoneal abscess complicated by acupuncture: case report. Cho YP, Jang HJ, Kim JS, Kim YH, Han MS, Lee SG.

J Clin Microbiol 2002 Apr;40(4):1219-24 Relatively alcohol-resistant mycobacteria are emerging pathogens in patients receiving acupuncture treatment. Woo PC, Leung KW, Wong SS, Chong KT, Cheung EY, Yuen KY.

Acupunct Med 2002 Mar;20(1):11-8 Single-use acupuncture needles: scanning electron-microscopy of needle-tips. Hayhoe S, McCrossan M, Smith A, Ellis D, Croft S, Mei MF.

J Infect 2002 Feb;44(1):43-4 Acupuncture-associated Arthritis in a Joint with an Orthopaedic Implant. Laing AJ, Mullett H, Gilmore MF.

Cerebrovasc Dis 2002 Feb;13(2):79-88 Intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas: analysis of 60 patients. Chung SJ, Kim JS, Kim JC, Lee SK, Kwon SU, Lee MC, Suh DC.

J Heart Valve Dis 2001 Sep;10(5):689-90 Prosthetic valve endocarditis in a patient with Marfan's syndrome following acupuncture. Nambiar P, Ratnatunga C.

Am J Med 2001 Apr 15;110(6):481-5 Prospective studies of the safety of acupuncture: a systematic review. Ernst E, White AR.

Masui 2000 Aug;49(8):887-9 [A case of acupuncture needle dermatitis]. [Article in Japanese] Morimoto M, Kawata K, Tsuchiya N, Murakami H, Kura M, Koga Y

J Altern Complement Med 2000 Aug;6(4):345-50 Incidence of adverse reactions associated with acupuncture. Yamashita H, Tsukayama H, Hori N, Kimura T, Tanno Y

Chest 2000 May;117(5):1510-1511 Cardiac Tamponade Following Acupuncture. Kirchgatterer A, Schwarz CD, Holler E, Punzengruber C, Hartl P, Eber B

Headache 2000 May;40(5):397-8 Acute intracranial hemorrhage caused by acupuncture. Choo DC, Yue G

J Med Virol 1999 Nov;59(3):290-6 Transmission of hepatitis C virus in Taiwan: prevalence and risk factors based on a nationwide survey. Sun CA, Chen HC, Lu CF, You SL, Mau YC, Ho MS, Lin SH, Chen CJ

Rev Paul Med 1990 Jul-Aug;108(4):189-91 [Iatrogenic pneumothorax caused by acupuncture]. [Article in Portugese] Morrone N, Freire JA, Ferreira AK, Dourado AM

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Acupuncture does combat pain, study finds

By Steve Connor, Science Editor The Independent 21 January 2006

Ever since Westerners started using acupuncture to treat their aches and pains, a debate has raged as to whether the ancient Chinese medicine really did work.

Now scientists have discovered that deep-needle acupuncture can combat pain.

A study found that the technique can turn off parts of the brain involved in pain, which could explain how the practice may work as an anaesthetic.

Researchers found that an acupuncture technique using deep needling led to the deactivation of part of the brain's limbic system, which helps the body to be conscious of pain.

Neuroscientists believe that the findings show that acupuncture has a measurable effect on the brain and that the study could provide a possible mechanism to explain how acupuncture can relieve pain.

The research was carried out on a set of volunteers by scientists at Hull York Medical School as part of a new BBC TV series called Alternative Medicine: The Evidence, to be broadcast on Tuesday evening on BBC2.

Professor Kathy Sykes of Bristol University, who will present the programme, said that the medical school's MRI brain scanners showed that certain forms of acupuncture have a deep and measurable effect on the brain.

"The particular area of the brain that MRI shows deactivation for during acupuncture is part of the pain matrix which is involved in the perception of pain," Professor Sykes said. "It helps someone decide whether something is painful or not. So it could be that acupuncture in some ways changes a person's pain threshold."

The study tested two forms of acupuncture on separate sets of volunteers. One involved inserting needles into the skin on the back of the hand by about a millimetre. The other inserted needles up to a centimetre into the same pressure points.

Brain scanning images of the group that underwent superficial needling show nerve activation in the motor cortex of the brain, the area that normally responds to touch or pain.

However, when the acupuncturist used the deeper needles, which were also rotated as part of an acupunctural effect called de chi, the scientists found a measurable deactivation in the brain's limbic system.

Mark Lythgoe, a neuroscientist at University College London who helped to oversee the study, said that the findings were significant because they demonstrated a physical effect on the brain. "This may account for the way it works. This is a possible novel neurobiological mechanism for the action of acupuncture," Dr Lythgoe said.

As part of the programme, Professor Sykes visited China, where she witnessed a conscious patient undergoing open-heart surgery with the help of acupuncture but without the use of general anaesthetics.

The people in the study who experienced deep-needle acupuncture said that they felt a tingling sensation but not pain. The scientists said they were used to seeing drugs or other medical treatments activating parts of the brain and they were surprised to see something that had the opposite effect.

"I'm just thrilled that we managed to do a real scientific experiment, shaped and run by scientists and acupuncturists together, where we found something quite unexpected - that acupuncture is having a measurable effect on the brain," Professor Sykes said.

The BBC series will also investigate other forms of alternative medicine, such as healing and herbalism.

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©copyright 2007
Robert Todd Carroll

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